Gromov’s angular spread theorem

I recently reported about a polyhedral proof of Stoker’s theorem using a lemma of Martin Winter; this, in turn, uses technique by Izmestiev.

I wanted to take a brief moment to illustrate that technique; Gromov, a few years ago, published a marvelous little paper. He used differential geometry techniques to show that a polytope cannot be too long in every direction. Specifically: Consider P a d-dimensional polytope, and map it cellularly to a d-cube C. Pick two opposing facets F_-, F_+ of that d-cube. Their preimages in P are d-1-disks.

Nice enough. Now, try to go from the preimage of F_- to the preimage of F_+. If you go from one facet to an adjacent one in P, then you “pay” the angle between their normals. All together, the optimal way you can take gives a minimal angular distance between the preimage of F_- to the preimage of F_+ in P; it describes how far the two preimages are apart.

Now, it would be nice, and perhaps point towards the polynomial Hirsch conjecture, if we could say something about this distance. But Gromov says: geometry naturally gives something different: If I minimize over ALL the opposing pairs of facets of C, then I obtain \square_{\rangle}^{\,n}(P), the angular spread… it describes the question whether P is long in every direction. Gromov’s paper obtains a displayed O(n^{3/2}) bound by passing through smooth mean-curvature geometry [1]. He needs to smoothen the polytope first, and his argument for non-simple polytopes is a bit … fishy. In comes Izmestiev, and I want to illustrate his method here, and improve the bound using it.

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IDP polytopes, hypersimplices, projective spaces

I wanted to update on 3 small new results.

First, Luis Ferroni used LLM (and a lot of persistence and cleverness) to prove something I long suspected: that IDP lattice polytopes do NOT have unimodal h∗h^\ast vectors. Unimodality is nice because it makes the sequence especially simple: it rises, then falls again… a dromedary, instead of a camel. And that IDP polytopes (that is, polytopes which are generated by atoms on the same level, that is, level one) satisfy it was a (I thought unlikely, but long standing) conjecture of Stanley….

Luis found, quite amazingly, that these are rather nice polytopes: smooth Cayley polytopes of rectangular prisms. This complements our work on IDP polytopes, proving among other things monotonicity of the h∗h^\ast vector in the second half. Congratulations Luis!

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